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Tango dance and tango music originated in Montevideo, Uruguay and Buenos Aires, Argentina, the area of the Rio de la Plata, and spread to the rest of the world soon after.

Early tango was known as tango criollo, or simply tango. Today, there are many tango dance styles, including Argentine Tango, Uruguayan Tango, Ballroom tango (American and International styles), Finnish tango and vintage tangos. What many consider to be the authentic tango is that closest to that originally danced in Argentina and Uruguay, though other types of tango have developed into mature dances in their own right.

In 2009, Uruguay and Argentina suggested the Tango to be declared a world heritage of humanity, in October of the same year UNESCO approved it.